Understanding Hemophilia Types of Hemophilia

This rare disorder, also known as fibrinogen deficiency, affects both platelets and clotting and is found in both males and females. The complete absence of factor I, or afibrinogenemia, usually is discovered in newborns, due to bleeding from the umbilical cord, urinary tract, or central nervous system.

A variation of this disorder is called dysfibrinogenemia, in which people have normal levels of fibrinogen but their fibrinogen does not function properly.

This disorder, also known as prothrombin deficiency, is extremely rare and affects both males and females equally. The estimated rate of occurrence is 1 in 2,000,000 people. Factor II deficiency has been reported worldwide.

Factor V deficiency is also known as parahemophilia. First identified in Norway in 1944, this disorder has been reported in only about 1 in 1,000,000 people.

This rare disorder, also known as proconvertin deficiency or Alexander’s disease, is often diagnosed at birth because of bleeding into the brain as a result of birth trauma.

Factor VIII deficiency, or hemophilia A, is the most common type of hemophilia. This rare disorder affects approximately 1 in 5,000 males born in the United States. In about 30% of cases, there is no family history of the disorder and the condition is the result of a spontaneous gene mutation.

Factor IX deficiency is also known as hemophilia B or the Christmas disease after the first person to be diagnosed with the disorder in 1952. As the second most common type of hemophilia, it occurs in about 1 in 25,000 male births and affects about 3,300 individuals in the United States.

This bleeding disorder has been reported in 1 in 500,000 people.

This rare disorder is also known as hemophilia C. It is the second most common bleeding disorder affecting females (von Willebrand’s disease is the first). It occurs in approximately 1 in 100,000 people, although it is found more frequently among some ethnic groups (primarily those with Jewish ethnicity of eastern European descent).

First identified in 1955, this condition occurs in an estimated 1 in 1,000,000 people.

In this rare disorder, also known as fibrin stabilization factor deficiency, the affected person lacks the necessary factor for proper clot formation and wound healing. Without factor XIII, a clot forms normally, but within hours or days, the clot breaks down and bleeding starts again. This cycle can repeat for weeks or months, resulting in poor wound healing and unusual scar formation. This disorder is another rare inherited factor deficiency, occurring in an estimated 1 in 5,000,000 people.